{"id":64368,"date":"2021-01-22T18:38:00","date_gmt":"2021-01-22T17:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.monaco-tribune.com\/?p=64368"},"modified":"2021-01-22T14:39:01","modified_gmt":"2021-01-22T13:39:01","slug":"alice-heine-life-and-myth-of-monacos-first-american-princess","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.monaco-tribune.com\/en\/2021\/01\/alice-heine-life-and-myth-of-monacos-first-american-princess\/","title":{"rendered":"Alice Heine: life and myth of Monaco\u2019s first American princess"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Patron of the arts, prominent figure of Parisian salons, literary muse, American. The life of Alice, Princess of Monaco, is gilded with legend. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alice Heine was born in the French quarter of New Orleans in 1858&nbsp;to an affluent family. Her mother is of French-Alsatian descent, while her father, Michel Heine, is a banker turned real-estate developer and cousin of German poet Heinrich Heine. Alice Heine\u2019s stay in Louisiana is short-lived. When the American civil war breaks out, the family moves back to France.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.monaco-tribune.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/cfp_alice_princesse_de_monaco-2-549x1024.jpg\" alt=\"alice princesse de monaco\" class=\"wp-image-64378\" width=\"412\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.monaco-tribune.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/cfp_alice_princesse_de_monaco-2-549x1024.jpg 549w, https:\/\/www.monaco-tribune.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/cfp_alice_princesse_de_monaco-2-161x300.jpg 161w, https:\/\/www.monaco-tribune.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/cfp_alice_princesse_de_monaco-2.jpg 765w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 412px) 100vw, 412px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Upon their return to France, the Heines become influential figures in the court of Napoleon III and the firm of Michel Heine even finances the Franco-Prussian war. Her parents\u2019 prominence grants Alice Heine a privileged position on the 19th-century marriage market and a few weeks after her 17<sup>th<\/sup>&nbsp;birthday, she marries the 7<sup>th<\/sup>&nbsp;Duke of Richelieu, joining the French nobility. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The marriage is a step up the social ladder for the&nbsp;new money family. However, like her Louisana days, Alice Heine&#8217;s marriage is also unexpectedly cut short. In 1875, the Duke of Richelieu dies during a trip to Athens. At 22, Alice Heine is left widowed with two young children.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-alice-princess-of-monaco\">Alice, Princess of Monaco<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Alice Heine first meets Albert I of Monaco in Madeira in 1879. At the time, the Hereditary Prince is still caught up in an unsuccessful marriage with Lady Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton. They begin a relationship in the early 1880s and marry in 1889.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Prince Albert I was deeply in love with her. It is one of the very first love marriages of the Principality<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Theirs is unusual marriage for the Grimaldi Dynasty, stresses Thomas Fouilleron, director of the Monaco Palace Archives. \u201cPrince Albert I was deeply in love with her. It is one of the very first love marriages of the Principality,\u201d he explains. Furthermore,  Albert I marries Alice Heine against his father\u2019s wishes. \u201cEven if she was the widow of the Duke of Richelieu, she was also Jewish, which was not what Prince Charles III, a deeply religious man, wished for the heir to the throne.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The couple eventually separates&nbsp;in 1902 without having had children. However, the marriage is never annulled, and the couple remains legally married until the death of Albert I in 1922.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Her American ancestry bequeathed her with great beauty and immense charm.<\/p><cite>Garbiel-Louis Pringu\u00e9<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-prominent-figure-of-the-belle-poque\">A prominent figure of the Belle \u00c9poque<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"h-in-monaco-alice-heine-founds-an-annual-art-exhibition-and-promotes-the-recently-created-monte-carlo-opera-establishing-the-principality-as-a-leading-center-for-the-arts-in-paris-she-is-a-regular-at-the-famous-belle-poque-salonof-genevi-ve-straus-where-she-would-have-crossed-the-likes-of-sarah-bernhardt-oscar-wilde-and-proust\">Alice Heine fascinates her contemporaries. She collects illustrious friendships, including Queen Alexandra of Britain and the writer Maupassant. She writes her letters in red ink. She is said to be Proust\u2019s muse. To the French, her transatlantic roots make her almost exotic. \u201cHer American ancestry bequeathed her with great beauty and immense charm,\u201d writes French writer Garbiel-Louis Pringu\u00e9 in <em>30 ans de d\u00eeners en ville<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"h-in-monaco-alice-heine-founds-an-annual-art-exhibition-and-promotes-the-recently-created-monte-carlo-opera-establishing-the-principality-as-a-leading-center-for-the-arts-in-paris-she-is-a-regular-at-the-famous-belle-poque-salonof-genevi-ve-straus-where-she-would-have-crossed-the-likes-of-sarah-bernhardt-oscar-wilde-and-proust\">In Monaco, Alice Heine founds an annual art exhibition and promotes the recently created Monte-Carlo Opera, establishing the Principality as a leading center for the arts. In Paris, she is a regular at the famous Belle-\u00c9poque&nbsp;salon of Genevi\u00e8ve Straus, where she would have crossed the likes of Sarah Bernhardt, Oscar Wilde, and Marcel Proust.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>One should not imagine her to have kept American habits. On the other hand, yes, she certainly was very cosmopolitan<\/p><cite>Thomas Fouilleron, director of the Monaco Palace Archives<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-facts-and-fiction\">Facts and fiction&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.monaco-tribune.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/aliceheine-stamp.jpg\" alt=\"Alice Heine stamp\" class=\"wp-image-64382\" width=\"372\" height=\"479\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.monaco-tribune.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/aliceheine-stamp.jpg 496w, https:\/\/www.monaco-tribune.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/aliceheine-stamp-233x300.jpg 233w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The myth of Alice Heine starts with her birth. She is often described as Monaco\u2019s first American Princess and is seen as a predecessor to Grace Kelly. However, the American Civil War started in 1861, meaning that the Heine family moved back to France when Alice was just three years old. According to Thomas Fouilleron, the Princess was very much European in her ways. \u201cOne should not imagine her to have kept American habits. On the other hand, yes, she certainly was very cosmopolitan.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She is also said to have been the inspiration behind the character of the Princess of Luxembourg in Proust&#8217;s monumental novel&nbsp;<em>In Search of Lost Time.&nbsp;<\/em>However, Thomas Fouilleron says that history is a little more nuanced. \u201cWe cannot be sure whether she actually was a model for Proust or not. She certainly is an eminent figure of the Belle \u00c9poque, and of the&nbsp;salons litt\u00e9raires&nbsp;that Proust frequented.\u201d Yet, stresses Fouilleron, there is no proof of a close relationship between the writer and the Princess. \u201cShe is not Proust\u2019s muse, but he obviously had crossed paths with her.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alice Heine is also credited with having founded the&nbsp;<em>Ballet Russes,<\/em> Monaco&#8217;s first ballet company<em> \u2013 \u201c<\/em>a golden legend\u201d \u2013according to Thomas Fouilleron. \u201cThe <em>Ballets Russes <\/em>were created in 1912, but the couple separated in 1902. When the ballets were founded, Alice Heine had not returned to Monaco for a few years and was by then a <em>persona non grata<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In Monaco, Thomas Fouilleron says that Alice Heine left an ambivalent legacy. \u201cOn the one hand, she was cultured and dedicated to the arts. A beautiful avenue in Monte-Carlo still bears her name. On the other, she left Albert I, one of Monaco\u2019s most beloved princes. So, I do think she is also seen as somewhat of a traitress in the collective memory.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alice Heine died in 1925 in Paris. She is buried in the P\u00e8re Lachaise cemetery.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&gt;&gt; READ MORE: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.monaco-tribune.com\/en\/2021\/01\/meet-the-man-holding-the-keys-to-monacos-history\/\">Meet the man holding the keys to Monaco\u2019s history<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&gt;&gt; READ MORE:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.monaco-tribune.com\/en\/house-of-grimaldi\/\">The Grimaldis: Princes of Monaco for 700 years<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Patron of the arts, prominent figure of Parisian salons, literary muse, American. The life of Alice, Princess of Monaco, is [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":64556,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1825,254],"tags":[],"post_sectags":[],"post_format":[],"class_list":["post-64368","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-editors-choice","category-people-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.8 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Alice Heine: life and myth of Monaco\u2019s first American princess<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Patron of the arts, prominent figure of Parisian salons, literary muse, American. The life of Alice, Princess of Monaco, is gilded with legend. 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